# SafeMode Space

> A structured reference mapping documented space-cybersecurity techniques to
> European regulation and to general control, technique, and standards catalogs.
> Every mapping carries a relationship type and a provenance record.

Built 2026-07-25. Canonical host: https://safemode.space

## What this corpus is

SafeMode Space maps SPARTA adversary techniques against space systems to:
the NIS2 Directive and its implementing regulation, the Cyber Resilience Act,
the EU Space Act proposal, the ENISA Space Threat Landscape control set, and to
NIST 800-53, MITRE ATT&CK (Enterprise and ICS), ESA SPACE-SHIELD, MITRE D3FEND,
NIST CSF 2.0, the NASA Best Practices Guide, and CCSDS SDLS.

3388 entities and 50256 mapping edges, from two distinct
provenances that should not be cited interchangeably.

46283 edges (92.1%) are SPARTA's own published cross-reference
and starter mappings, imported wholesale with SPARTA's relationship and
confidence values. They carry an importer provenance note where a curated edge
carries reasoning, and SafeMode Space did not adjudicate them individually.

3973 edges (7.9%) are SafeMode Space's own contribution: each was
staged as a proposal, reviewed against the cited source text before publication,
and carries the written reasoning that justified it. Review decisions are
recorded per edge; most were made by an LLM curation session following a
documented methodology, with escalated cases decided by the maintainer. These
cover every technique-to-regulation-article and technique-to-ENISA-control edge,
plus a reviewed subset of the technique-to-control edges.

The rationale field in the corpus download separates the two directly, so this
split is checkable rather than a claim you have to take on trust. A further
1430 edges carry no confidence value at all: the technique-to-countermeasure
junction records an effectiveness field instead.

## Publisher

SafeMode Space is operated by Kartia IKE, a private company (Ιδιωτική Κεφαλαιουχική Εταιρεία) registered in Greece.
Cite the resource as SafeMode Space; Kartia IKE is the operating
entity and the data controller, not the bibliographic publisher.

## Licence

SafeMode Space's own contribution is licensed CC-BY 4.0. That covers the
mappings themselves, the relationship types, the confidence levels, and the
rationales.

Third-party material is NOT relicensed. Identifiers and structural references
are reproduced with attribution. Verbatim third-party text is either reproduced
only where its source licence permits, or withheld: EU regulation article text
and ENISA control text are never reproduced here, and sources whose licence is
not yet confirmed contribute identifiers only.

## Required attribution

Cite SafeMode Space and the underlying source. The sources are:

- SPARTA (The Aerospace Corporation): technique, tactic, and countermeasure identifiers and names.
- NIS2 Directive (EU) 2022/2555, implementing regulation (EU) 2024/2690, Cyber Resilience Act (EU) 2024/2847, and the EU Space Act proposal: article references. Article text is not reproduced.
- ENISA Space Threat Landscape (March 2025): control citation identifiers. Control text is not reproduced.
- NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 (public domain), MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise and ICS, ESA SPACE-SHIELD, MITRE D3FEND, NIST CSF 2.0, NASA Best Practices Guide, and CCSDS SDLS: control identifiers, and text where the source license permits it.

## How to cite

SafeMode Space, "<citation ID>", https://safemode.space<path>, accessed <date>.

For example:
SafeMode Space, "REC-0001", https://safemode.space/reference/techniques/REC-0001, accessed 2026-07-25.

A DOI-bearing archived release is planned; until it exists, cite the canonical
URL and the access date.

## Machine-readable corpus

- https://safemode.space/corpus/safemode-mappings.json (all mapping edges, JSON)
- https://safemode.space/corpus/safemode-mappings.csv (all mapping edges, CSV)
- https://safemode.space/sitemap.xml (every page)

Both downloads are open: no account, no gate.

## Crawling

AI crawlers are welcome; see /robots.txt. The corpus exists to be found and
cited. If you use it, the attribution above is the condition.

## Structure

- https://safemode.space/reference/techniques : SPARTA techniques, cited REC-0001
- https://safemode.space/reference/regulations : EU regulations and their articles
- https://safemode.space/reference/enisa : ENISA Space Threat Landscape controls
- https://safemode.space/reference/frameworks : control and technique catalogs
- https://safemode.space/reference/countermeasures : SPARTA countermeasures