nis2-impl

Annex 6.2.1

Full text: this article's wording is third-party regulatory text. See the official source for the authoritative provision.

Mapped SPARTA techniques (30)

Techniques referencing this article

  • AI/ML model training is part of the secure-development life cycle; the rules for that lifecycle govern training-data integrity, model provenance and pre-deployment validation that detect poisoned anomaly-detection models.

  • DE-0012Component CollusionST0006
    addresses
    high
    derived

    Secure-development discipline (cross-module review, integration testing, defensive coding) is the developmental control that surfaces colluding modules whose individual behaviour appears benign but whose composition produces malicious effect.

  • EX-0003Modify Authentication ProcessST0004
    addresses
    moderate
    derived

    Modifications to authentication code (binary patches, hot-patches, service replacement) sit inside the secure-development envelope; the rules for code review, integrity verification and signed-build provenance are the controls that detect such modifications.

  • EX-0004Compromise Boot MemoryST0004
    addresses
    high
    derived

    Boot memory artefacts are produced in the secure-development life cycle; the rules for that lifecycle govern signing, integrity protection and storage of boot-stage components.

  • EX-0005Exploit Hardware/Firmware CorruptionST0004
    addresses
    moderate
    derived

    Firmware updates and programmable-logic bitstreams produced internally are governed by the secure-development life cycle; outsourced firmware development inherits the same rules under Annex 6.2.3.

  • EX-0009Exploit Code FlawsST0004
    addresses
    moderate
    derived

    Secure-development rules embed defensive coding and review obligations that reduce the population of exploitable defects entering production.

  • EX-0009.01Flight SoftwareST0004
    addresses
    high
    derived

    Flight-software command/telemetry handlers, table loaders and file-transfer services live inside the secure-development life cycle the implementing regulation requires the entity to govern with explicit rules; defensive coding, review and integrity practices reduce the population of exploitable defects in those parsers.

  • EX-0010Malicious CodeST0004
    addresses
    moderate
    derived

    Code-signing and integrity-verification practices required by the secure-development life cycle constrain which executable artefacts the runtime accepts, narrowing the malicious-code-introduction surface.

  • EX-0012.13Poison AI/ML Training DataST0004
    addresses
    high
    derived

    AI/ML model training is part of the secure-development life cycle; the rules for that lifecycle govern data integrity verification, model provenance and pre-deployment validation that detect poisoned training inputs.

  • EX-0015Side-Channel AttackST0004
    addresses
    moderate
    derived

    Constant-time, branch-balanced cryptographic implementations are part of secure-development discipline; these implementation choices reduce timing-channel leakage at the source.

  • EXF-0002Side-Channel ExfiltrationST0008
    addresses
    moderate
    derived

    Secure-development discipline includes constant-time, branch-balanced cryptographic implementations and side-channel-resistant coding patterns that reduce timing- and power-channel leakage at source.

  • EXF-0002.01Power Analysis AttacksST0008
    addresses
    moderate
    derived

    Secure-development implementations (masking, blinding, randomized scheduling) reduce the data-dependent leakage measurable through power analysis.

  • EXF-0002.04Timing AttacksST0008
    addresses
    high
    derived

    Constant-time implementation of cryptographic and authentication paths is a secure-development discipline that closes timing-channel exfiltration; the rules for that lifecycle govern adoption of these implementation patterns.

  • EXF-0006.01Software Defined RadioST0008
    addresses
    moderate
    derived

    SDR DSP chains, framing logic and waveform configuration are produced inside the secure-development life cycle; rules for that lifecycle govern integrity protection on bitstreams and waveform packages so attacker-introduced subcarriers and covert framing are blocked at source.

  • EXF-0008Compromised Developer SiteST0008
    addresses
    high
    derived

    Source code, test vectors, telemetry captures, build artefacts and configuration data live inside the secure-development life cycle; the rules for that lifecycle govern the integrity, access and protection controls that resist exfiltration of the development corpus.

  • Dependency confusion, typosquatting, poisoned base images and malicious build plug-ins all sit inside the build-and-tooling envelope the secure-development life cycle rules govern; those rules constrain how dependencies are pinned, mirrored, signed and verified.

  • IA-0001.02Software Supply ChainST0003
    addresses
    high
    derived

    Source manipulation before build, swapped signed binaries at distribution edges and subverted update metadata all fall inside the secure-development life cycle the entity must govern with explicit rules.

  • FPGA bitstreams, software flowgraphs and reconfigurable waveforms are produced through the entity's network-and-information-systems development pipeline; the secure-development rules govern how those artefacts are written, reviewed, signed and verified.

  • IA-0007.01Compromise On-Orbit UpdateST0003
    addresses
    high
    derived

    Source repositories, build steps and packaging tooling for flight-software updates live inside the secure-development life cycle, with explicit rules on how artefacts are produced and protected from manipulation.

  • LM-0005Virtualization EscapeST0007
    addresses
    moderate
    derived

    Separation kernels and hypervisors are produced through the secure-development life cycle; the rules for that lifecycle govern the implementation quality of inter-partition communication, shared-memory windows and device-emulation paths that virtualization escape exploits.

  • PER-0001Memory CompromiseST0005
    addresses
    high
    derived

    Boot-stage code is produced inside the secure-development life cycle; integrity protection on boot artefacts and signed-build provenance are the development-side controls that resist persistent memory implants.

  • PER-0002BackdoorST0005
    addresses
    high
    derived

    Backdoors planted during development are exactly what the secure-development life cycle is designed to prevent: code review, defensive coding standards and build-pipeline integrity reduce the population of hidden command handlers and alternate authentication paths.

  • PER-0002.02Software BackdoorST0005
    addresses
    high
    derived

    Software backdoors are exactly the threat the secure-development life cycle counters: code review, mandatory authentication paths and signing/verification procedures resist hidden command handlers and alternate auth paths.

  • REC-0001.01Software DesignST0001
    addresses
    high
    direct

    Source trees, command-handler implementations, build artefacts and patch mechanisms live inside the secure-development life cycle the implementing regulation requires the entity to establish; the rules and tooling specified there constrain who can read and copy the codebase.

  • REC-0001.02FirmwareST0001
    addresses
    moderate
    derived

    Firmware images, OTA bundles, secure-boot configuration and anti-rollback policy are produced by the entity's network-and-information-systems development pipeline; the secure-development rules govern how those artefacts are stored, signed and protected from disclosure.

  • REC-0001.03Cryptographic AlgorithmsST0001
    addresses
    moderate
    derived

    Crypto implementations live in the secure-development pipeline; the rules for source review, build provenance and artefact protection determine whether algorithm specifics leak through code-tree exposure.

  • REC-0001.09Fault ManagementST0001
    addresses
    moderate
    derived

    Fault-management logic is implemented in flight code; the secure-development rules govern access to the FDIR source and its test harnesses, which are the principal leakage paths for safing-behavior reconnaissance.

  • FSW development information lives entirely inside the secure-development life cycle the implementing regulation requires the entity to govern with explicit rules — that lifecycle is the protection envelope for every artefact this technique targets.

  • REC-0006.01Development EnvironmentST0001
    addresses
    high
    derived

    Secure-development rules govern the entity's development environment design, which is the very target the adversary enumerates.

  • REC-0008.02Software ReconST0001
    addresses
    high
    derived

    Software-factory reconnaissance enumerates the very environment the secure-development rules govern: source location, dependency pulls, build/sign/store/promote flows.

Built 2026-07-25 from 216 techniques, 334 regulation articles, 125 ENISA controls, 2,610 framework controls, and 90 countermeasures.