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ENISA-STL-2025-03-sD.23-i06

Publication: enisa-stl-2025-03 Space Threat Landscape

Full text

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Mapped SPARTA techniques

7 techniques

  • Resilient PNT with fault-tolerant authoritative time sourcing across processors counters unauthorised system-clock biasing for evasion.

  • DE-0003.10GPS EphemerisST0006
    addresses
    high

    Resilient PNT with GNSS authentication and trusted-source verification defeats GPS-ephemeris biasing of the on-board position estimate.

  • Resilient PNT including GNSS authentication mechanisms and fault-tolerant time sourcing is the named defense against geofence-conditional malware that triggers on PNT inputs.

  • EX-0012.12System ClockST0004
    addresses
    high

    Resilient PNT including fault-tolerant authoritative time sourcing is the named defense against unauthorised system-clock modifications.

  • EX-0014.01Time SpoofST0004
    addresses
    high

    Resilient PNT with GNSS authentication and fault-tolerant time sourcing across SpaceWire to ~1 µs is the named defense against time spoofing.

  • Resilient PNT with GNSS authentication mechanisms verifying authenticity of the GNSS signal and transmitting entity is the canonical defense against PNT spoofing.

  • Resilient PNT with fault-tolerant alternative time sourcing reduces the operational impact when GNSS bands are jammed.

Built 2026-07-25 from 216 techniques, 334 regulation articles, 125 ENISA controls, 2,610 framework controls, and 90 countermeasures.